Chapter 11History & Culture

What caused World War I?

The trigger was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914. The kindling was a tangle of alliances, colonial rivalries, an arms race, and unchecked nationalism. Once one domino fell, empires were treaty-bound to follow.

Follow-up questions

Who won?

The Allies (France, UK, Russia, later US). Germany surrendered in 1918; the Treaty of Versailles set punishing terms that helped seed WWII.

How many died?

About 20 million — split roughly evenly between military and civilian, including the influenza pandemic that followed.

People also search

  • treaty of versailles
  • ww1 timeline
  • trench warfare