Chapter 11History & Culture

What caused the Great Depression?

The 1929 stock crash triggered a bank panic, which collapsed the money supply. The Fed made it worse by tightening credit; a global trade war (Smoot-Hawley) deepened the slump. Unemployment hit 25% in the US.

Follow-up questions

How did it end?

Slowly — the New Deal helped; WWII spending ended it decisively.

Could it happen again?

The 2008 response — flooding money and backstopping banks — was designed exactly to prevent a repeat.

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